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Wednesday, June 17, 2009

China Keeps Their Word: Sells Off US Treasuries

As advertised, China has decreased their holdings in US Treasury securities according to US government data. This decline actually started in April and ended a long trend by China of increasing US Treasury holdings. For more on this see the post below by Tim Iacono from The Mess That Greenspan Made.

Brad Setser over at the Council on Foreign Relations offers the following illustrative graphic along with three quick points about the April decline in treasury holdings by the Chinese:




While the net decline of some $4 billion is not all that significant in the scheme of things, there has been a dramatic change to the "second derivative" of their U.S. debt accumulation in recent months (a "rate-of-change" yardstick that has been increasingly popular lately), a development that is well worth noting.

This report in CHINADaily adds a few insights:

For the first time in 11 months China's holdings of US Treasury bonds fell - to $763.5 billion in April, US government data showed.

The figure, down from March's $767.9 billion, was the lowest since June 2008.

They do not include US Treasury bond holding in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, which climbed to $80.9 billion in April from $78.9 billion the previous month.

The decline in the China holding "seems to stem from net selling of Treasury bills," said Chirag Mirani of Barclays Capital Research.

Now, those are not words that any U.S. policymaker wants to see appearing in the same sentence - "net selling of Treasury bill" and "China".

It's all about funding our huge deficits to perpetuate life as we've all come to know it...
As the largest holder of US Treasury bills, which are crucial to funding Washington's multi-trillion-dollar recovery plans, China had expressed concerns recently over what it called the safety of its dollar-linked assets.

US Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner traveled to Beijing about two weeks ago to reassure Chinese leaders, saying their money is "very safe" despite the US budget deficit, which he pledged to cut.
There's been lots of intrigue in FOREX markets lately, with the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) meeting today without the U.S. even in an observer role and recent comments from China citing concern about the greenback with a Japanese finance minister voicing strong support for the dollar.

Most puzzling are comments from Russia where they first sided with the Chinese, then showed support for the U.S. currency at last weekend's G8 meeting. Today, according to this AP report, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said the world needs new reserve currencies.

This post can also be viewed on themessthatgreenspanmade.blogspot.com.

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Tuesday, June 9, 2009

Can Obama Convince The World To Buy US Debt?

As the government plans to sell $65 billion in notes and bonds this week, we will see whether Obama, Geithner, and Bernanke were able to renew the confidence of overseas investors in America's ability to repay debt. Will countries like China and Saudi Arabia continue to buy US debt? Peter Schiff from Money Morning discusses this in the following post.

Just last week, Team Obama took its financial-crisis dog-and-pony show on the road. U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner went to China. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke visited Capitol Hill. And President Barack Obama, himself, embarked on a Mideast tour that started in Saudi Arabia.

This full-court press is not coincidental, and comes just as the federal government began unloading trillions of dollars in new U.S. Treasury obligations. The coordinated charm offensive is meant to assure the world-at-large that the United States can repay these obligations - without destroying the dollar.

Given the renewed weakness in the dollar and the recent expressions of concern from China-our largest creditor-about the safety of its current holdings, this is no easy sell. Not only must our leaders convince holders of our debt not to sell what they already own, U.S. officials must persuade these same foreign investors to back up the truck and buy a whole lot more. The hope is that a Dream Team - consisting of a charismatic politician, a skilled Wall Street banker with longstanding ties to China, and a respected Fed chairman - can close the deal. However, no matter how slick the sales pitch, no amount of lipstick can dress up this pig.

The most obvious fear the trio must address is that oversized deficits will persist indefinitely. Reading from a carefully scripted rebuttal book, all three proclaim that as soon as the stimulus revives our economy, the government will take all necessary steps to reign in the deficits that result. Bernanke’s testimony showcases this rhetorical shift. The Fed chairman claimed that catastrophe has been averted and that the recession is nearly over. As a result, he advised Congress to now focus on debt management. How he expects U.S. lawmakers to do that was left unexamined.

Setting aside the fact that the recession is far from over and that the stimulus will actually weaken the economy in the long run, Bernanke’s words were less a practical guide to Congress than a bromide for our foreign creditors. Meanwhile, President Obama carefully peppers his speeches with calls for Americans to live within their means, to save more and spend less, to produce more and consume less. But nothing in the government’s current fiscal or monetary policy will encourage such behavior. In fact, the objective of economic stimulus is to prevent such changes from taking place!

The laughter of Chinese students that greeted Secretary Geithner at Peking University shows how ridiculous this spiel sounds overseas. Actions speak louder than words, and the actions of the Obama administration are deafening. Multi-trillion-dollar deficits, bailouts, nationalizations, quantitative easing, and grandiose plans for government-provided healthcare, education, and alternative energy, render all of the administration’s claims of future prudence meaningless. If our leaders will not make tough choices now, why should anyone believe they will do so later, when those choices will be even harder to make?

Of course, it’s not just major holders - such as China and Saudi Arabia - that need to be convinced. Since the largest holders are already in so deep, they have the greatest short-term incentive to play ball. While throwing good money after bad is certainly a lousy investment strategy, it is politically expedient as it delays the need to officially acknowledge losses.

The spin is designed to keep all the smaller, more nimble holders from dumping their U.S. Treasury securities. The major holders can publicly pledge their commitment to Treasuries, while they privately planning their exit strategies, as long as they feel that the smaller holders won’t spook the market by front-running their trades.

However, once the psychology turns, there is no way to stop the rush for the exits. Remember how quickly the secondary market for subprime mortgages collapsed? One day, investors were lining up to buy; the next day, the stuff couldn’t be given away.

Make no mistake about it, we are issuing subprime paper and no amount of political spin can alter that reality. Bogus credit ratings aside, I think the world already knows this and it’s just a matter of time before someone admits it.

In the meantime, by continuing to lend, our creditors merely supply us the shovels to dig ourselves into an even deeper economic hole. Their credit enables our government to grow when it needs to shrink, finances bailouts of companies that should be allowed to fail, and enables a nation that should be saving and producing to continue borrowing and spending. As a result, the more money the world loans us, the less capable we are of paying it back. I really wish the world would stop doing us favors, as neither party can afford the consequences.

For a timely example, just look at California. With an unmanageable $20 billion deficit, California recently asked Washington for a bailout. With none immediately forthcoming, California was forced to make real and needed budget cuts. The hard choices, which will benefit California in the long run, would not have been made if federal funds had been committed. We all should be so lucky.

This article has been reposted from Money Morning. You can view the article on Money Morning's investment news website here.

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Monday, May 25, 2009

Two Opposing Views Of The Future Of The US Credit Rating

Concern of Standard and Poor's reducing Britain's credit rating leads to the question on everyone's mind — will the US be next? On one side is co-chief investment officer of Pimco, Bill Gross who says it will likely happen, and on the other side is Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner who says no. Continue reading to learn their arguments in this post by Tim Iacono from The Mess That Greenspan Made.

Pimco co-chief investment officer Bill Gross and Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner are at odds regarding the prospect of the U.S. losing its triple-A credit rating.

Not that it really matters.

In a world crowded with nations whose budget deficits are rising sharply and whose central banks are furiously printing money in an attempt to soften the economic pain, it seems that the general shift downward will just redefine what it means to be a good credit risk.

Kind of like, "less bad" is the new "good".

According to this report at Bloomberg, after Standard & Poor's raised the possibility of the British government getting taken down a notch or two, Gross figures it's only a matter of time until we lose our AAA credit rating in the USofA, but it won't happen anytime soon - this sort of thing should be expected when government debt is growing at near-exponential rates and the printing presses are running 24 hours a day.

Gross commented on the prospects for future budget deficits on both sides of the Atlantic:

“Both the U.K. and the U.S. have prospective deficits of 10 percent annually as far as the eye can see,” Gross said. “At some point over the next several years” the debt of each “may approach 100 percent of GDP, which is a level at which country downgrades tend to occur,” he said.
...
The U.S. will issue a record $3.25 trillion of debt in the fiscal year ending Sept. 30, according to Goldman Sachs Group Inc., one of the 16 primary dealers that trade directly with the Fed and are required to participate in Treasury auctions.

“The market knows and believes that both the U.S. and the U.K. are quite similar in terms of their debt levels and debt trends,” Gross said.

He went on to note that the Fed's balance sheet will probably increase to $5 or $6 trillion by the time they're done printing money, all the newly created dollars aimed at restoring the proper functioning of a financial system that more and more people are realizing is patently unsustainable in its current form.

Meanwhile, Tim Geithner over at the Treasury Department thinks that tumbling prices for U.S. debt are a sign of a resurgent U.S. economy, rather than an inexorable march toward the status of deadbeat borrower.

Admittedly, the term "deadbeat borrower" isn't quite correct here because any government that operates a printing press can always find a way to pay its bills - just look at Zimbabwe.

It simply becomes a question of the value of the money that is used to pay those bills.

Cutting the budget deficit will be a top priority for the U.S. government, as soon as things return to "normal" according to this report also appearing at Bloomberg:

“It’s very important that this Congress and this president put in place policies that will bring those deficits down to a sustainable level over the medium term,” Geithner said in an interview with Bloomberg Television yesterday. He added that the target is reducing the gap to about 3 percent of gross domestic product, from a projected 12.9 percent this year.
...
It’s “critically important” to bring down the American deficit, Geithner said.
In its latest budget request, the administration said it expects the deficit to drop to 8.5 percent of GDP next year, then to 6 percent in 2011. Ultimately, it forecasts deficits that fluctuate between 2.7 percent and 3.4 percent between 2012 and 2019.

Absent another asset bubble of some kind - preferably the kind that both Wall Street and the government can get behind, rather than, say, surging commodity prices that hurt as much as they help - it's hard to imagine how the U.S. is going to generate enough economic growth and tax revenue to bring these deficits down anywhere close to what the White House projects in the years ahead.

This post can also be viewed on themessthatgreenspanmade.blogspot.com.

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